Models

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Model: From Middle French modelle, diminutive form of modulus ("measure, standard");

Representation of a physical object, usually in miniature; a simplified representation used to explain the workings of a real world system or event; the structural design of a complex system; (Source: Wiktionary)

Hyperreality

Theorist Jean Baudrillard developed a system of signs based on "the generation by models of a real without origin" (Baudrillard, 1992). He claimed that electronic mediation separates the sign from its [real world] referent until it becomes an autonomous object - making it impossible to differentiate between simulacrum and the real.
According to Baudrillard, the real never even occurs due to the speed of light ... We only perceive a 'recorded version' of the world that is subject to numerous timescales, making things distant from themselves.
Baudrillard's hyperreal object not only refuses to represent the world, but imposes itself by feeding back through the orders of simulacra. The object thereby becomes a strange attractor and the subject assumes the role of its operator (Baudrillard, 1996).

Simulation, Hyperreality, and Virtual Tech (Doc. ref.)

Chatbots

AI Chatbots are designed to augment online experiences and to support business and branding objectives. Chatbots allow human users to converse naturally with a digital machine via instant messaging or internet relay chat (IRC). The appearance, personality and intelligence of chatbots can be integrated with a corporate identity. Chatbots offer the following advantages:

Natural language interaction;
Digital assistance: Answer questions, search the web, open applications;
Configurability, machine learning, personality development;
Text- and speech input/output, dynamic facial expressions;
Contribution to data-gathering and analysis.

Implementation: Implementing chatbots became user-friendly for non-technologists with the advent of bot hosting services. Pandorabots.com for example is a hosting service that enables a community of users to create and publish their own AI Chatbots on the web. Pandorabots adopted the AIML standard which is an XML dialect developed by computer scientist Dr. Richard Wallace. A Pandorabot can be administered with an intuitive multilingual interface. Users may integrate their bot with their site by means of a special HTML facility. The Pandorabots engine can, moreover, be connected with a character hosting service to enhance the experience with speech synthesis and visual cues.

Training: The knowledge base of a new Pandorabot can be extended and improved by preformulating the right answer to certain questions, analysing chat logs to edit unsuitable responses, or planning the redirection of a difficult conversation to more familiar topics. While the training interface itself is easy to use, it helps to have a working knowledge of AIML since the task is likely to extend from simple query formulation to higher-level data entries and situational enabling. In Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML) the <-CATEGORY-> represents a basic unit of knowledge. The <-PATTERN-> tag set may contain a pattern, like a question, and the <-TEMPLATE-> tag is used for the desired answer.

Interaction Entities

X stands for interaction - in this case between the synaptic activity of a human and the switching circuits of a machine. If discreteness and equality are mutually exclusive then entities must fluctuate in order to interact. Every interaction marks a reduction of difference simulated by interfaces and denoted by the shared letter A.
A connection between the OTHER and the SELF is like a 'mingling of the stars' which is shown as a 'territorialising double' on the other side.

➔ State of the Practice

Cosmological Models

Given the cosmic distances a light signal must traverse, looking into space always means going back in time ... When George-Henri Lemaitre encountered the General Theory of Relativity, he concluded [unlike its author] that the universe is expanding. He also described a possible origin (soon called the 'Big Bang') in which the universe had emerged from a 'primordial atom'. The discovery of background radiation using radio telescopes supported this theory.
Observation data is usually interpreted on the basis of existing theories or models to make it more meaningful. The Big Bang model has many inconsistencies: it begins with a singularity [zero radius, infinite temperature] and makes the assertion that all matter existed at the start.
According to the big-bang model, the evolution (and abundance) of the elements began with a synthesis of nuclei during the first few instants that resulted in a mass of hydrogen and helium, leading to density fluctuations and the formation of proto-stars.

Cosmic Cubes (Doc. ref.)

Case Study: The Orrery The orrery was introduced by English mathematical instrument makers to represent the planetary systems and their inclination to the axis of the ecliptic. Rowley's orrery (1713) had a geared heliocentric mechanism set in motion by the turn of a crank. Orreries featured a stationary brass ball to represent the Sun, a revolving Earth globe with a moon that displayed its phase, and a horizontal calendar ring to indicate elapsed time. Subsequent versions of the orrery demonstrated the [temporal] mechanics of the known solar system, incorporating assemblies of Jupiter and Saturn based on tubular stems and actuating cogs to turn their moons. One revolution of the winch turned the earth once and 365 1/4 turns reproduced its annual motion.

➔ Planetarium

Case Study: Chinese Gardens The Chinese garden is a microcosm and three-dimensional painting of the world. Garden designers of the Yuan and Ming dynasties turned water, plants, rocks, and architecture into cultural artefacts that expressed Taoist ideals of harmony, contemplation, and eremitism. Organic and irregular forms also balanced the strict Confucian layout and symmetry of the imperial gardens to the north.

In China, both imperial and private gardens are based on miniaturised, segmental, or full-scale re-creations of nature. The earliest parks were used as hunting reserves and date back to the Shang dynasty. Large gardens were built later to replicate scenic views of the realm and to convey the beauty, essence, and cosmic designs of nature.
Contemplative spaces like the private gardens of the literati were constructed as retreats while encouraging a stylish pursuit of the arts. This stage with its elegant architecture, exotic shrubs, rare rocks, and ornamental birds allowed the gentleman-scholars to practise both their 'urban eremitism' and social designs.

Project: The Construct

Day 1 Year 1 Day 2 Year 2 Day 3 Year 3 Day 4 Year 4 Day 5 Year 5 Day 6 Year 6 Day 7 Year 7 Day 8 \| Es schien mir Zeit schneller als Raum \| Year 8 Day 9 Year 9 Day 10 Year 10 Day 11 Year 11 Day 12 Year 12 Day 13 Year 13 Day 14 Year 14 Day 15 Year 15 Day 16 Year 16 Day 17 Year 17 Day 18 Year 18 Day 19 Year 19 Day 20 Year 20 Day 21
Year 21 Day 22 Year 22 Day 23 Year 23 Day 24 Year 24 Day 25 Year 25 Day 26 Year 26 Day 27 Year 27 Day 28 Year 28 Day 29 \| Statt giftig Feuer durch die Erd' \| Year 29 Day 30 Year 30 Day 31 Year 31 Day 32 Year 32 Day 33 Year 33 Day 34 Year 34 Day 35 Year 35 Day 36 Year 36 Day 37 Year 37 Day 38 Year 38 Day 39 Year 39 Day 40 Year 40 Day 41 Year 41 Day 42 Year 42 Day 43
Year 43 Day 44 Year 44 Day 45 Year 45 \| Dein Schatten fang' in Vollmond-Nacht \| Day 46 Year 46 Day 47 Year 47 Day 48 Year 48 Day 49 Year 49 Day 50 Year 50 Day 51 Year 51 Day 52 Year 52 Day 53 Year 53 Day 54		Year 54 Day 55 Year 55 Day 56 Year 56 Day 57 Year 57 Day 58 Year 58 Day 59 Year 59 Day 60 \| thcaN-dnomlloV ni 'gnaf nettahcS nieD \| Year 60 Day 61 Year 61 Day 62 Year 62 Day 63 Year 63 Day 64 Year 64
Day 65 Year 65 Day 66 Year 66 Day 67 Year 67 Day 68 Year 68 Day 69 Year 69 Day 70 Year 70 Day 71 Year 71 Day 72 \| Und schnell durchgeh' ihn wie Papier \| Year 72 Day 73 Year 73 Day 74 Year 74 Day 75 Year 75 Day 76 Year 76 Day 77 Year 77 Day 78 Year 78 Day 79 Year 79 Day 80 \| 'drE eid hcrud reueF gitfig ttatS \| Year 80 Day 81 Year 81 Day 82
Year 82 Day 83 Year 83 Day 84 Year 84 Day 85 Year 85 Day 86 Year 86 Day 87 \| zum nächsten Tag der neuen Welt \| Year 87 Day 88 Year 88 Day 89 Year 89 Day 90 Year 90 Day 91 Year 91 Day 92 Year 92 Day 93 Year 93 Day 94 Year 94 Day 95 \| tieZ sla rellenhcs muaR rim neihcs sE \| Year 95 Day 96 Year 96 Day 97 Year 97 Day 98 Year 98 Day 99 Year 99

The Construct began as a basic PERL program, comprising an array, a loop, and a set of strings to match [regexp]. It was originally used together with a Benchmark module to measure the performance of a CPU.
In the 'artified' version, the timing theme was developed further into a fictitious calendar with two differently sized, or differently situated wheels [day and year].
The Construct has a still crystalline centre, surrounded by four protective figures, and a gateway [hyperlink] at index sixteen. It alludes to the Surrealist term poème-objet and served as a conceptual model to explore unusual aspects of space, time and memory.